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/proc is one of the most popular kernel to user-space interface which you can leverage to add an interface to your Kernel code such as Kernel modules, Kernel Device Drivers, etc. Personally I prefer /proc interface than other alternatives such as /sysfs, ioctl() and so on for my personal Kernel modules/stack. So here is my detailed multi-episode Youtube video series on /sysfs Interface. I also conduct sessions/classes on Systems and Network software programming and architecture.

A circular buffer, circular queue, cyclic buffer or ring buffer is a data structure is a fixed-size buffer as if it were connected end-to-end or can be a dynamic one if implemented via Linked Lists. This is a data-structure quite popularly used in many parts of Linux Kernel such as Device Drivers, especially Network Hardware drivers, Network Packet Buffer such as sk_buff and so on. We can use a Ring Buffer in user-space application programming too. These kind of buffers are more suited for holding steady stream of incoming data. For example Network Packets. If the buffer gets full, we can discard the oldest buffer elements (such as packets). And to avoid we can increase the buffer size. So circular ring buffers plays a major role especially in Network Appliances such as Routers, Firewalls, etc.

GNU Zebra is one of the oldest open-source Dynamic Routing Protocol suite stack developed by Kunihiro Ishiguro. Zebra supports features such as RIPv1/RIPv2 for IPv4 and RIPng for IPv6, OSPFv2 and OSPFv3, BGPv4+ and so on. Zebra is an active project for many years. After many years of active support Zebra is discontinued, and sometime down the lane a new fork is created from Zebra called Quagga which is now maintained by a separate independent open-source community. Quagga is a routing software suite, providing implementations of OSPFv2, OSPFv3, RIP v1 and v2, RIPng and BGP-4 for Unix platforms, particularly FreeBSD, Linux, Solaris and NetBSD. Quagga is a fork of GNU Zebra which was developed by Kunihiro Ishiguro. The Quagga architecture consists of a core daemon, zebra, which acts as an abstraction layer to the underlying Unix kernel and presents the Zserv API over a Unix or TCP stream to Quagga clients.

Here is my sample UDP socket code written in C. Unlike other versions you get commonly on-line this version is focused towards systems and network software developers and as a quick reference even for experienced software programmers. In this example/template, I am sending test raw binary data bytes from UDP sample client to registered UDP sample server. The code has documentation already in the form of comments (as you can see below). You can download my source below and you can use it directly in your projects or you can use the same for learning purposes to understand about user-space socket programming via IPv4 UDP transport layer protocol.